https://www.ncsc.org/__data/assets/pdf_file/0024/17862/languagesbycountries.pdf
LANGUAGES BY COUNTRIES
AFGHANISTAN Dari Persian & Pashto (both official); other Turkic and
minor languages
ALBANIA Albanian, Greek
ALGERIA Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects
ANDORRA Catalan (official), French, Spanish, Portuguese
ANGOLA Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages
ANTIGUA and
BARBUDA
English (official), local dialects
ARGENTINA Spanish (official), English, Italian, German, French
ARMENIA Armenian 98%, Yezidi, Russian
AUSTRALIA English 79%, native and other languages
AUSTRIA German (official nationwide); Slovene, Croatian, Hungarian
(each official in one region)
AZERBAIJAN Azerbaijani Turkic 89%, Russian 3%, Armenian 2%, other
6%
BAHAMAS English (official), Creole (among Haitian immigrants)
BAHRAIN Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu
BANGLADESH Bengali or Bangla (official), English
BARBADOS English
BELARUS Belorussian, Russian, other
BELGIUM Dutch (Flemish) 60%, French 40%, German less than 1%
(all official)
BELIZE English (official), Spanish, Mayan, Garifuna, Creole
BENIN French (official), Fon, Yoruba, tribal languages
BHUTAN Dzongkha (official), Tibetan dialects (among Bhotes),
Nepalese dialects (among Nepalese)
BOLIVIA Spanish, Quechua, Aymara (all official)
BOSNIA and
HERZEGOVINA
Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
BOTSWANA English 2% (official), Setswana 78%, Kalanga 8%,
Sekgalagadi 3%, other
BRAZIL Portuguese (official), Spanish, English, French
BRUNEI Malay (official), English, Chinese
BULGARIA Bulgarian 85%, Turkish 10%, Roma 4%
BURKINA FASO French (official); native African (Sudanic) languages 90%
BURUNDI Kirundi and French (official), Swahili
CAMBODIA Cambodian or Khmer 95% (official), French, English
CAMEROON French, English (both official); 24 major African language
groups
CANADA English 60%, French 23% (both official); other
CAPE VERDE Portuguese, Crioulo
CENTRAL AFRICAN
REPUBLIC
French (official), Sango (national), tribal languages
CHAD French, Arabic (both official); Sara; more than 120
languages and dialects
CHILE Spanish
CHINA Standard Chinese (Mandarin/Putonghua), Yue
(Cantonese), Wu (Shangaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan
(Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority
languages
COLOMBIA Spanish
COMOROS Arabic and French (both official), Shikomoro
(Swahili/Arabic blend)
CONGO French (official), Lingala, Monokutuba, Kikongo, many local
languages and dialects
COSTA RICA Spanish (official), English
CÔTE D’IVOIRE French (official) and African languages
CROATIA Croatian 96% (official), other 4% (including Italian,
Hungarian, Czech, Slovak, German)
CUBA Spanish
CYPRUS Greek, Turkish (both official); English
CZECH REPUBLIC Czech
DENMARK Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic, German; English is the
predominant second language
DJIBOUTI French and Arabic (both official), Somali, Afar
DOMINICAN REP. Spanish
EAST TIMOR Tetum, Portuguese (official); Bahasa Indonesia, English;
other indigenous languages, including Tetum, Galole,
Mambae
ECUADOR Spanish (official), Quechua, other Amerindian languages
EGYPT Arabic (official), English and French widely understood by
educated classes
EL SALVADOR Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindian languages)
EQUATORIAL GUINEA Spanish, French (both official); pidgin English, Fang, Bubi,
Ibo
ERITREA Afar, Arabic, Tigre and Kunama, Tigrinya, other
Cushitic languages
ESTONIA Estonian 67% (official), Russian 30%, other
ETHIOPIA Amharic, Tigrinya, Orominga, Guaragigna, Somali,
Arabic, English, over 70 others
FIJI English (official), Fijian, Hindustani
FINLAND Finnish 92%, Swedish 6% (both official); small Sami and
Russian speaking minorities
FRANCE French 100%
GABON French (official), Fang, Myene, Nzebi, Bapounou/Eschira,
Bandjabi
GAMBIA English (official), Mandinka, Wolof, Fula and other
indigenous
GEORGIA Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%,
Azerbaijani 6%, other 7%
GERMANY German
GHANA English (official), African languages (including Akan, Moshi-
Dagomba, Ewe, and Ga)
GREECE Greek 99% (official), English, French
GRENADA English (official), French patois
GUATEMALA Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially
recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche,
Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna, and Xinca)
GUINEA French (official), native tongues (Malinke, Susu, Fulani)
GUINEA-BISSAU Portuguese (official), Criolo, African languages
GUYANA English (official), Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu
HAITI Creole and French (both official)
HONDURAS Spanish (official), Amerindian dialects; English widely
spoken in business
HUNGARY Hungarian (Magyar) 94%, other 6%
ICELAND Icelandic, English, Nordic languages, German widely
spoken
INDIA Hindi 30%, English, Bengali, Gujarati, Kashmiri,
Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu,
Urdu, Kannada, Assamese, Sanskrit, Sindhi (all
official); Hindi/Urdu; 1,600+ dialects
INDONESIA Bahasa Indonesia (official), English, Dutch, Javanese, and
more than 580 other languages and dialects
IRAN Persian and Persian dialects 58%, Turkic and Turkic
dialects 26%, Kurdish 9%, Luri 2%, Balochi 1%, Arabic
1%, Turkish 1%, other 2%
IRAQ Arabic (official), Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions),
Assyrian, Armenian
IRELAND English, Irish/Gaelic (both official)
ISRAEL Hebrew (official), Arabic, English
ITALY Italian (official); German, French and Slovene-speaking
minorities
JAMAICA English, Jamaican Creole
JAPAN Japanese
JORDAN Arabic (official), English
KAZAKHSTAN Kazak (Quazaq, state language) 64%; Russian (official, used
in everyday business) 95%
KENYA English (official), Swahili (national), and numerous
indigenous languages
KIRIBATI English (official), I-Kiribati (Gilbertese)
NORTH KOREA Korean
SOUTH KOREA Korean, English widely taught
KUWAIT Arabic (official), English
KYRGYZSTAN Kyrgyz, Russian (both official)
LAOS Lao (official), French, English, various ethnic languages
LATVIA Latvian 58% (official), Russian 38%, Lithuanian, other
LEBANON Arabic (official), French, English, Armenian
LESOTHO English, Sesotho (both official); Zulu, Xhosa
LIBERIA English 20% (official), some 20 ethnic-group languages
LIBYA Arabic, Italian, and English widely understood in major cities
LIECHTENSTEIN German (official), Alemannic dialect
LITHUANIA Lithuanian 82% (official), Russian 8%, Polish 6%
LUXEMBOURG Luxembourgish (national), French, German (both
administrative)
MACEDONIA Macedonian 67%, Albanian 25% (both official); Turkish
4%, Roma 2%, Serbian 1%
MADAGASCAR Malagasy and French (both official)
MALAWI Chichewa 57% (official), Chinyanja 13%, Chiyao10%,
Chitumbuka 10%, Chisena 3%, Chilomwe 2%, Chitonga 2%,
other 3%
MALAYSIA Bahasa Melayu (Malay, official), English, Chinese dialects
(Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow),
Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai; several indigenous
languages in East Malaysia
MALDIVES Maldivian Dhivehi (official); English spoken by most
government officials
MALI French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages
MALTA Maltese and English (both official)
MARSHALL ISLANDS Marshallese 98% (two major dialects from the Malayo-
Polynesian family), English widely spoken as a second
language (both official); Japanese
MAURITANIA Hassaniya Arabic (official), Pulaar, Soninke, French, Wolof
MAURITIUS English less than 1% (official), Creole 81%, Bojpoori 12%,
French 3%
MEXICO Spanish, various Mayan, Nahuatl, and other regional
indigenous languages
MICRONESIA English (official, common), Chukese, Pohnpeian, Yapase,
Kosrean, Ulithian, Woleaian, Nukuoro, Kapingamarangi
MOLDOVA Moldovan (official; virtually the same as Romanian),
Russian, Gagauz (a Turkish dialect)
MONACO French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
MONGOLIA Mongolian 90%; also Turkic and Russian
MONTENEGRO Serbian/Montenegrin (official)
MOROCCO Arabic (official), Berber dialects, French often used for
business, government and diplomacy
MOZAMBIQUE Portuguese 9% (official; second language of 27%),
Emakhuwa 26%, Xichangana 11%, Elomwe 8%, Cisena 7%,
Echuwabo 6%, other Mozambican languages 32%
MYANMAR Burmese, minority languages
NAMIBIA English (official), Afrikaans is common language of most of
the population and of about 60% of the white population,
German 32%; indigenous languages: Oshivambo, Herero,
Nama
NAURU Nauruan (official), English
NEPAL Nepali 48% (official), Maithali 12%, Bhojpuri 7%, Tharu 6%,
Tamang 5%, others. English spoken by many in government
and business
NETHERLANDS Dutch, Frisian (both official)
NEW ZEALAND English, Maori (both official)
NICARAGUA Spanish 98%(official); English and indigenous languages on
Atlantic coast
NIGER French (official), Hausa, Djerma
NIGERIA English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Ibo, Fulani, and more than
200 others
NORWAY Bokmål Norwegian, Nynorsk Norwegian (both official);
small Sami and Finish speaking minorities (Sami is official in
six municipalities)
OMAN Arabic (official), English, Baluchi, Urdu, Indian dialects
PAKISTAN Urdu 8%, English (both official); Punjabi 48%, Sindhi 12%,
Siraiki 10%, Pashtu 8%, Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%, Brahui 1%,
Burushaski and others 8%
PALAU Palauan 65%, English 10%, Tobi, Angaur (each official on
some islands), Filipino 14%, Chinese 6%, Carolinian 2%,
Japanese 2%, other languages 1%
PALESTINIAN STATE
(proposed)
Arabic, Hebrew, English
PANAMA Spanish (official); English 14%, many bilingual
PAPUA NEW GUINEA Tok Pisin (Melanesian Pidgin), Hiri Motu (in Papua
region), English 2%; 715 indigenous languages
PARAGUAY Spanish, Guarani (both official)
PERU Spanish, Quechua (both official); Aymara; many minor
Amazonian languages
PHILIPPINES Filipino (based on Tagalog), English (both official); eight
major dialects: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon or
Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinense
POLAND Polish 98%
PORTUGAL Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used)
QATAR Arabic (official), English a common second language
ROMANIA Romanian (official), Hungarian, German
RUSSIA Russian, others
RWANDA Kinyarwanda, French and English (all official); Kiswahili
in commercial centers
ST. KITTS and NEVIS English
ST. LUCIA English (official), French patois
ST. VINCENT and
GRENADINES
English, French patois
SAMOA Samoan, English
SAN MARINO Italian
SÃO TOMÉ and PRÍNCIPE Portuguese (official)
SAUDI ARABIA Arabic
SENEGAL French (official); Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka
SERBIA Serbian (official); Romanian, Hungarian, Slovak and
Croatian (all official in Vojvodina region); Albanian (official
in Kosovo)
SEYCHELLES Seselwa Creole 92%, English 5%, French (all official)
SIERRA LEONE English (official), Mende(southern vernacular), Temne
(northern vernacular), Krio
SINGAPORE Mandarine 35%, English 23%, Malay 14%, Hokkien 11%,
Cantonese 6%, Teochew 5%, Tamil 3%, other 3%
SLOVAKIA Slovak 84% (official), Hungarian 11%, Roma 2%, Ukrainian
1%
SLOVENIA Slovenian 91%, Serbo-Croatian 5%
SOLOMON ISLANDS English 2% (official), Melanesian pidgin,120 indigenous
languages
SOMALIA Somali (official), Arabic, English, Italian
SOUTH AFRICA IsiZulu 24%, IsiXhosa 18%, Afrikaans 13%, Sepedi 9%,
English 8%, Setswana 8%, Sesotho 8%, Xitsonga 4%, other 8%
SPAIN Castilian Spanish 74% (official nationwide); Catalan 17%,
Galician 7%, Basque 2% (each official regionally)
SRI LANKA Sinhala 74% (official and national), Tamil 18% (national),
other 8%; English is commonly used in government and
spoken competently by about 10%
SUDAN Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of
Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, Sudanic languages, English
SURINAME Dutch (official), Surinamese, English widely spoken,
Hindustani, Javanese
SWAZILAND English, siSwati (both official)
SWEDEN Swedish, small Sami and Finnish speaking minorities
SWITZERLAND German 64%, French 20%, Italian 7% (all official)
SYRIA Arabic (official); Kurdish, Armenian, Aramaic, Circassian
widely understood; French, English somewhat understood
TAIWAN Chinese (Mandarin official), Taiwanese (Min), Hakka
dialects
TAJIKISTAN Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and
business
TANZANIA Swahili, English (both official); Arabic; many local
languages
THAILAND Thai (Siamese), English (secondary language of the elite),
ethnic and regional dialects
TOGO French (official, commerce); Ewe, Mina (south); Kabye,
Dagomba (north); and many dialects
TONGA Tongan, English
TRINIDAD and TOBAGO English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish, Chinese
TUNISIA Arabic (official, commerce), French (commerce)
TURKEY Turkish (official), Kurdish, Dimli, Azeri, Kabardian
TURKMENISTAN Turkmen 72%; Russian 12%; Uzbek 9%, other 7%
TUVALU Tuvaluan, English, Samoan, Kiribati
UGANDA English (official), Ganda or Luganda, other Niger-Congo
languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic
UKRAINE Ukrainian 67%, Russian 24%, Romanian, Polish, Hungarian
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu
UNITED KINGDOM English, Welsh, Scots Gaelic
UNITED STATES English 82%, Spanish 11%
URUGUAY Spanish, Portunol, or Brazilero
UZBEKISTAN Uzbek 74%, Russian 14%, Tajik 4%, other 8%
VANUATU Bislama 23% (a Melanesian pidgin English), English 2%,
French 1% (all official); more than 100 local languages
VATICAN CITY Italian, Latin, French, various other languages
VENEZUELA Spanish (official); numerous indigenous dialects
VIETNAM Vietnamese (official); English (increasingly favored as a
second language); some French, Chinese, Khmer; mountain
area languages (Mon-Khmer and Malayo-Polynesian)
WESTERN SAHARA
(proposed state)
Hassaniya Arabic, Moroccan Arabic
YEMEN Arabic
ZAMBIA English (official); major vernaculars: Bemba, Kaonda, Lozi,
Lunda, Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga; about 70 other indigenous
languages
ZIMBABWE English (official), Shona, Ndebele (Sindebele), numerous
minor tribal dialects